By the end of this course, participants will be able to:

·         Understand the fundamental chemistry, structure, and classification of elastomers and rubber materials.

·         Select appropriate elastomeric materials based on application requirements, service conditions, and regulatory constraints.

·         Explain rubber compounding principles, including the role of fillers, curatives, additives, and reinforcements.

·         Understand vulcanisation mechanisms and processing methods such as mixing, moulding, and extrusion.

·         Apply standard testing methods to evaluate mechanical, thermal, rheological, and environmental performance.

·         Identify common failure modes and degradation mechanisms in elastomeric products.

·         Appreciate sustainability challenges, recycling approaches, and future trends in elastomer and rubber technologies.

This course is designed for:

·         Engineers, scientists, and technologists working in the elastomer, rubber, polymer, or materials industries.

·         Quality control, production, R&D, and product development professionals.

·         Graduate students and early-career researchers in polymer science, materials science, chemical engineering, or related fields.

·         Professionals seeking to strengthen their understanding of rubber materials, testing, and sustainability-driven innovations.

The course will be delivered through a combination of:

·         Presentations and Demonstrations covering theoretical foundations and industrial practices.

·         Case studies drawn from real-world elastomer and rubber applications.

·         Standards-based discussions referencing ASTM, ISO, and industry testing protocols.

·         Interactive sessions addressing problem-solving, troubleshooting, and material selection scenarios.

This blended approach ensures a balance between conceptual understanding and real- world industrial relevance.

1.  Milestones in Rubber Technology

·         Historical Information

2.  Material Properties and Selection

·         What is Rubber?

·         Rubber vs. Polymer

·         Commercially Available Rubbers and Their Applications

ü  Natural Rubber (NR)

ü  Polyisoprene Rubber (IR)

ü  Polybutadiene Rubber (BR)

ü  Butyl (IIR)

ü  Halobutyl Rubber (CIIR & BIIR)

ü  Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

ü  Polychloroprene Rubber (PR)

ü  Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)

ü  Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR)

ü  Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR)

ü  Polyacrylate Rubber (ACM)

ü  Fluorocarbon Rubber (FKM)

ü  Silicon Rubbers (Q)

·         Poor Material Selection

3.  Compounding

·         Compounds and Formulations

·         Objectives

·         Classes of Compounding Ingredients

ü  Elastomer

ü  Fillers

ü  Vulcanising Agent

ü  Accelerators

ü  Activators

ü  Protective Agents

ü  Plasticisers and Oils

ü  Process Aids

·         Compound Formulation

4.  Vulcanisation

·         What is Vulcanisation?

·         Sulphur Vulcanisation

·         Peroxide Vulcanisation

·         Measurement of the Cross-Linking Reaction

·         Reinforcements for Polymer Modification

ü  Oscillating Disk Rheometer (ODR)

ü  Moving Die Rheometer (MDR)

·         Types of Sulphur Cure System

·         Vulcanisation-Changing the Properties

·         Vulcanisation-Cure State

·         Vulcanisation- Post Curing-Why Do We Need It?

5.  Properties of Rubber

·         Key Mechanical Properties

·         Electrical Properties

·         Permeability

·         Effects of Temperature

·         Why are Dynamic Properties Important?

·         Dynamic properties

·         Fatigue

·         Crack Growth Rate

6.  Rubber Mixing

·         Example Formulation

·         Compounding Ingredients

·         Rubber Mixing Principle-A Batter

·         Poor Filler Dispersion

·         Dispersive Mixing

·         Distributive Mixing

·         Dispersion- Good vs. Bad

·         Ingredient Addition Order

·         Internal Mixer

·         Open Mill Mixing

·         Closed Loop Mixing

·         Mixer Power Consumption

·         Mixer Control

·         Modern Mixing Plants

·         Continuous Rubber Mixing

7. Moulds and

Moulding

·         Techniques

ü  Compression Moulding

ü  Transfer Moulding

ü  Injection Moulding

·         Pressure Requirement

·         Shrinkage

·         Rubber to Metal Bonding

·         Vacuum Assistance

·         Other Problems

8.  Environmental and Chemical Attack

·         Background

·         Factors of Concern

ü  UV (Light)

ü  Oxygen

ü  Ozone

ü  Radiation

ü  Chemical Attack

o   By Various Chemical Agents

9.  Developments

in Recycling and

Use of Waste

Rubber

·         Overview of Rubber Cycling

·         Use of Rubber Crumb

·         Quality Standards

·         Devulcanisation of Rubber

·         Other Recycling Techniques

·         Future Developments and Conclusion

BTS attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 80% of the total course duration.

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