Course Details
Your Growth, Our Mission
Course Description
Any losses in Custody Transfer are very large and non-recoverable. Mistakes of any kind with processes in place are very critical and extremely costly. Only through arbitration and lengthy legal claims can partial of the losses be redeemed Errors in flow measurements subject petroleum companies to significant financial losses.
The type of work required to properly conduct and maintain accurate custody transfer flow measurements is restrictive and specialised. Controlling losses up front is much easier than reclaiming losses incurred due to improper measurement. The workshop is designed for the purpose of providing an in-depth knowledge of all the major activities executed in the Custody Transfer. It is never an easy task to describe the working functions of any group of specialists contributing on a daily basis to maintain and enhance effectively the key area of the company’s business – the accurate measurement and control of its products to the customer. Practitioners will be exposed on specialist support, sophisticated state of the art monitoring and measurement systems develop/ recommend proper procedures and design standards in line with international bodies to ensure mistakes and/or losses of any kind are alleviated and/or minimised.
Upon completion of the workshop, delegates will become more familiar with the functions and field tasks of crude and hydrocarbon fluids custody flow measurements and loss control; as well as to enhance the overall awareness of the Company’s professional and engineering work force in this field.
The Training Course Will Highlight ?
WHY SHOULD YOU ATTEND?
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- Flow measurement is of paramount importance to many industrial sectors as profitability is much dependent on flow measurement for custody transfer and quality control. In order to obtain the required level of accuracy at an appropriate price, it is vital that the right meter is selected for the application and that it is appropriately executed.
- Driven by the continuous pressure of cost reduction and uncertainties in flow measurement, this workshop is a valuable event where you can learn from an experience consultant and internationally recognised experts in the field to master the skills and solutions to resolve your measurement problems.
- Not only is this workshop a comprehensive master class addressing critical issues in flow measurement and loss control but it also enables measurement personnel to capitalise on insights to new technologies in custody transfer applications.
- Delegates will also experience thorough discussions on technical issues associated with these technologies to make it possible for higher accuracy, better operations, more maintenance cost reduction and profits improvements.
Training Objective
MAJOR BENEFITS OF ATTENDING:
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- UNDERSTAND fiscal metering and IDENTIFY devices included in CT metering systems
- GAIN INSIGHT into different types of contracts
- LEARN different types of liquid and gas metering systems
- MASTER parameters to be measured for Based Flow Measurements
- COMPREHEND fluid dynamics and its dynamics
- IDENTIFY different types of flow meters and its advantages and disadvantages
- DESIGN fiscal gas metering station
- RECOGNISE applied accuracy terminology and EXECUTE it accordingly
- BECOME FAMILIAR with international flow measurement standards and their incorporation into major petroleum companies’ operational procedures and standards
- ESTABLISH standardised gas flow metering
- CAPITALISE an opportunity to learn from expert on how to tackle current problems encountered in flow measurement and custody transfer
- DISCOVER dynamics measuring systems for liquids other than water
- CONSIDER multiphase flow and water cut measurements
- IDENTIFY different types of gas and liquid meter proves, their applications and operations
Target Audience
This course is specifically designed for senior technicians, engineers and technical sales staff with experience using flow meters. Job titles as follow:
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- Measurement Engineer
- Metering Engineer
- Instrument Engineer
- Process Engineer
- Design Engineer
- Production Engineer
- Station Engineer
- Service Staff/Inspector
Training Methods
Daily Agenda
Introduction to the world of CT Metering
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- General Instrumentation application
- Measuring Standards
- Traceability characterization
- Measurement related issues / response
- International applied Metering Standards
- Meter selection
- Differences Fiscal, Custody & Allocation Metering
- Metering requirements
- Applied metering practices for Oil & Gas
- Types of Sales Contracts
- Meter Performance Tracking / Proving
Product Allocation Metering
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- Metering requirements from Sales to Well
- Integrated Production Systems
- Purpose of Metering
- Sales Custody Transfer Point
- Tariffs Oil / Gas
- Unitization
- Wells Oil / Gas
- Reservoir
- Sales Allocation example / Concessionaires
- Product Allocation Summary
Loss Control & LACT Systems
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- Aim of Loss Control
- Introduction to Loss Control
- Marine Bunker L.C.
- Representative Fuel Sampling
- Lease Automatic C.T.
- Typical LACT system
- Main Parts of LACT
Measurement Accuracy & Quality Assurance
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- Accuracy, Precision, Standard Deviation & Variance,
- Measurement Data, Standards, Units and Traceability,
- Quality Factors, Accuracy, Precision, Standard Deviation & Variance,
- Calibration and Measurement errors,
- Measurement Specification & Basic Definitions,
- Other Measurement Properties
- Have you ever “Playing Darts”?
- Repeatability and Reproducibility,
- Variability & Probability,
- Statistical Control & Normal Distribution,
- STD & Systematic Error,
- Performance Monitoring , Control Chart Tool,
- Setting up a Control Chart,
- Warning & Control Limits,
- Statistical Decision Rules,
- Reproducibility Rate.
Fluid Dynamics
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- Fluid Terminology,
- Viscosity, Dynamic / Kinematic,
- Shear stress and Shear Rate,
- Types of Liquid Viscosity,
- Non-Newtonian properties,
- Yield Stress,
- Influences of P and T on viscosity,
DAY 2
Continuation Fluid Dynamics
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- API Gravity Measurement,
- Oil Classification,
- Density and Specific Gravity,
- Reynolds Number and Viscosity,
- Vena Contracta,
- Bernoulli’s Theorem,
- Energy balances in a flowing fluid,
- Flow Patterns,
- Swirl Flow,
- Flow Straighteners and Conditioners,
- Cavitation and Flashing
Flow Metering using ∆ P
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- Principles of ∆ P flow measurement,
- Measurement Rangeability and Turn down,
- Standard Orifice,
- Type of ∆ P tap connections
- Venturi, Dall Tube, Nozzle type applications,
- Properties, advantages & disadvantages of Orifice flow measurement,
Flow Metering Devices other than ∆ P
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- Volumetric, Mass and Totalized Flow,
- Flow Meters and OIML classification
- Turbine Meter
- Accuracy Influencing factors,
- Meter factor K,
- Advantages & Disadvantages Turbine Meter,
- Positive Displacement Meters,
- Properties PD meters,
- Advantages & Disadvantages PD Meters,
- Thermal Mass Flow- meters, Operating Principles,
- Advantages, disadvantages and accuracy of TMF meters
- Coriolis Mass Flow measurement, principle and operation
- Advantages, disadvantages and accuracy of Coriolis meters, application limitations,
- Oscillatory Flow meters; Operation Vortex type,
- Transit time & Doppler types of US flow-meters,
- Types of installed Ultra Sonic Flow-meters,
- Issues to be considered US flowmeter,
DAY 3
OIML R117 & 138 Recommendations
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- Introduction
- Scope
- General Requirements
- Field of Operation
- Accuracy Classes
- Case Example
- API MPMS Chapter 5.8
Moisture Theory & Analysis Methods
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- Introduction / Theory Moisture Measurements,
- Water Vapor properties,
- Dalton’s Law,
- Dew Point / Pressure relationship,
- Hydrocarbon Dew Point,
- Industrial Moisture Analysis methods.
Principles of Gas Chromatography
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- History
- Combinations of GC and MS
- What is Chromatography
- Retention phenomena
- Separation factors
- Retention factor
- Types of Chromatographic columns
- Band broadening and column efficiency
- Theoretical Plate Model
- Temperature influence on separation
- Van ‘Deemter’ efficiency curve
- Selection of the type of carrier gas
- Peak Selectivity and Resolution
- Base line properties, Noise and LOD
Heating Value Measurements
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- Introduction Calorimetry
- Types of Calorimeters
- Determination of Heating Values using the Ultimate GC method
- Dulong Equation
- Gross Calorific determination of Natural Gas by online PGC according to ISO 6976
- ISO 6976 - Calculations derived from Natural Gas analysis
- Higher and Lower Heating Value
- Wobbe Index and CARI
- Online Wobbe Index analyzer
DAY 4
Flow Meter Proving and Calibration
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- Reasons for Meter Proving,
- Outcome of proving,
- Meter correction,
- Direct and In-Direct Proving systems,
- Static & Dynamic Proving systems,
- Static proving properties,
- Testing, Calibration & Proving,
- Calibration of Liquid Turbine Meters,
- Presentations of Proving Data,
- Viscosity Independent Range of Turbine Meter,
- Trends and Practices in Calibration,
- Volumetric and Gravimetric Calibration Rigs,
- On-site Calibration,
- Flow Calibration issues in Hazardous Areas,
- Flow Calibration Review.
Flow Metering Prover Systems
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- Displacement types,
- Bi-directional Pipe Prover,
- Ball Prover system,
- Master Meter systems,
- Prover general issues.
Standards for Gas Flow Metering - 83
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- Introduction AGA activities,
- History of Metering Standards,
- AGA 3 : Orifice Metering of Natural Gas,
- Differences between Versions of AGA 3,
- Volume Flow Rate calculation at Standard conditions,
- Flow Computer calculation and additional functions,
- AGA 7 : Turbine Gas Metering,
- Characteristics influencing the TGM performance,
- Basic Gas Flow relationship,
- Equation for flow-rate at standard conditions,
- Meter factor and K-factor,
- AGA 9 : Multi Path Ultra Sonic measurement,
- MPUS performance requirements for CT,
- Categories <> than 12” ,
- AGA 11 : Coriolis type gas metering,
- Correction calculations and conversion to Volume Flow.
Accreditation
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BTS attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 80% of the total course duration
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