By the end of the session, participants will be able to:

• • Understand the fundamentals of fault seal and trap analysis.
  • Interpret trap geometry and evaluate initial seal risks.
  • Create and analyze fault throw and separation maps.
  • Recognize fault zone architecture and its impact on fluid flow.
  • Apply fault population statistics in reservoir evaluation.
  • Assess fault rock types and their sealing capacity.
  • Estimate hydrocarbon gradients, capillary pressures, and threshold pressures.
  • Generate and interpret juxtaposition Allan diagrams.
  • Calculate clay smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and effective shale gouge ratio.
  • Use triangle diagrams for fault seal estimation.
  • Apply geomechanical concepts (Mohr-Coulomb criteria) to fault slip and sealing behavior.
  • Integrate all methods into a comprehensive workflow for fault seal risk assessment.

This training course is suitable to a wide range of professionals but will greatly benefit:

• Petrophysicists
• Geo-Modelers
• Geologists (Exploration and Development)
• Sedimentologists
• Seismic Interpreters
• Drilling Engineers
• Reservoir Engineers
• Technical Support Personnel

The course will not only be presented by showing and interpreting the material in detail, but also the participants will work together using real data to apply all the workflow and to project their previous knowledge and experience onto the course, they also encouraged to bring their own data so that real working examples can be reviewed and interpreted.

• • Introduction to fault seal and trap analysis.
  • Trap and fault geometry concepts and estimating closures and initial seal risk.
  • Exercise: Trap geometry and controls on hydrocarbon contacts.
  • Methods and concepts on correctly characterizing faults and throw distributions. Theory and methods for evaluating correct fault linkages.
  • Exercise: Creating fault throw and separation maps.
  • Fault zone architecture, mechanical, stratigraphy and the influence on fault flow resistance.
  • Fault population statistics.
  • Exercise: Plotting and deciphering fault population statistics.
  • Review of fault rock types based on the undeformed host rock lithology.
  • Basic principles of flow through porous media including permeability and threshold pressure.
  • Exercise: Estimating hydrocarbon gradients, capillary pressure and threshold pressure for reservoir and fault rock.
  • Introduction to fault mapping.
  • Exercise: Generating juxtaposition Allan diagrams.
  • Discussion on estimating sealing capacity from the threshold pressure for a range of fault rock types.
  • Exercise: Hydrocarbon column height exercise.
  • Review of methods for estimating the clay distribution across a fault surface including clay smear factor, shale gouge ratio and effective shale gouge ratio.
  • Exercise: Estimating the clay smear factor and shale gouge ratio along faults.
  • Triangle diagrams for estimating fault seal.
  • Exercise: Triangle diagram
  • Introduction to geomechanics for fault development and controls on slip.
  • Exercise: Critical stress Mohr-Coulomb exercise.

BTS attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 80% of the total course duration.