Upon the successful completion of this course, each participant will be able to: -

• Apply systematic techniques in operation, maintenance, control, testing and troubleshooting of power generators
• Determine how a generator functions and how an active and reactive power is generated and how these loads are shared from one generator to another
• Identify the major components used in the construction of an AC generator and discuss how these components are at risk during mis- or abnormal operations
• Explain operation and maintenance of the most common excitation systems and how a speed governor alters generator output in response to a frequency deviation
• Discuss how the voltage regulator alters generator output in response to a voltage deviation
• Identify the causes and effects of both voltage and frequency oscillations and the impact on power system dynamics
• Describe generator normal/safe startup and shutdown procedures and generator synchronizing process
• Discuss abnormal generator operation, recommend actions for generator protection during an unfortunate abnormal condition and describe possible results to equipment and/or system
• Describe the major activities associated with generator maintenance, proper generator disassembly and reassembly sequences, procedures for cleaning generator

components, procedures for inspection of generator components and describe the different types and causes of damage

• Identify the various repair methods for defective component condition and list all those electrical tests commonly performed on large AC generators
• Describe the procedures for the various generator tests and describe safety precautions for the conducting of these electrical tests

Electrical Engineers

Technicians

This interactive Training will be highly interactive, with opportunities to advance your opinions and ideas and will include;

Lectures
Workshop & Work Presentation
Case Studies and Practical Exercise
Videos and General Discussions

Day-1

Generator Theory

• Armature Reaction
• Resistive Loads
• Inductive Loads
• Capacitive Loads
• Power Transfer and Load Angle
• Reactive Power
• Net Air Gap
• Developed Torque
• Watt and VAR Control
• Generator Capability
• Stator Winding Heating
• Field Heating
• Core End Iron Heating
• Power System
• Power Transfer Between Generator Rotor and Stator
• Short Circuit Ratio
• Fundamentals of Generator Design
• Review of AC Power
• Armature Reaction
• Development of Torque
• Net Air Gap Magnetic Fields
• Effects of VARs on Current
• Effect of VARs on Voltage
• Active and Reactive Power Flow
• Generators Operating Under Load
• Changing MW load
• Changing MVAR load

Day-2

System Operations

• Structure of the Power System
• Interconnections
• Power Balance
• Operation of the System
• State of the Power System

Generator Construction

• Stator Frame
• Core, Windings
• End Shield
• Rotor Body
• Field Windings
• Retaining Rings
• Collector Rings
• Hydroelectric Differences

Day-3

Excitation Systems, Voltage & Frequency Control

• Speed Governor Response to Frequency Deviations
• Automatic Voltage Regulator Response to Voltage Deviations
• Manual Regulator
• URAL
• Impedance Compensator
• Volts/Hertz
• Maximum Excitation Limit
• Transfer & Tracking
• PSS
• De-Excitation

Steady State Operation

• Transient Conditions
• Earlier Excitation Systems
• Rotating AC Exciters
• Alterrex
• Brushless Excitation Systems
• Static Excitation Systems

Day-4

Generator Auxiliary Systems

• Purpose and Operations of the Generator Hydrogen Control System
• Generator Seal Oil System
• Stator Liquid Cooling System (as required)

Normal Operations

• Preparation for Start-Up
• Synchronizing
• Load Changes
• Use of Reactive Capability Curve
• Shut-down

Abnormal Operations:

• System Steady & Dynamic Conditions
• Frequency Deviations
• Voltage Deviations
• Instabilities
• Loss of Synchronism
• Stator Overcurrent
• Field Ground
• Stator Ground Fault
• Stator Phase-to-Phase Fault
• Over Voltage
• Over Volts-per-Hertz
• Field Overheating
• Loss of Excitation
• Bearing Vibration
• Synchronizing Errors
• Motoring
• Seal Oil System Pressure

Day-5

Outage Planning & Scheduling

• Why Maintenance
• Preparation
• Tooling
• Documentation
• Pre-Shutdown Maintenance
• Decision Making

 Generator Electrical Tests

Stator

• Winding Resistance
• Insulation Resistance
• Dielectric Absorption
• Direct Current Leakage
• Dissipation Factor Test
• Radio Noise (Corona)
• High Potential Test
• Ring Test

Rotor

Resistance Test

PI

Impedance Testing

Flux Pattern Test

Air Gap Flux Probe Testing