By the end of this course delegates will be able to:

• Understand the hazards of confined spaces
• Become knowledgeable in the OSHA safety standards for safeguarding confined space entries
• Learn the duties and responsibilities of the confined space entry participants
• Achieve familiarity with atmospheric testing equipment and entrance equipment

• Persons required to work within confined spaces.
• Persons supervising confined space entry.

Introduction to confined spaces

• Definition of Confined Spaces
• Specifications of Confined Spaces
• Permit Required Confined Spaces

 Typical Hazards in Confined Spaces

Atmospheric Hazards

• Oxygen Deficiency
• Combustible
• Flammable
• Explosive
• Toxic Gases / Vapors / Dust / Mists
• Physical Hazards in confined spaces
• Unguarded Machine Parts
• Thermal Hazards
• Exposed Electrical Circuits
• Slip/Fall Hazards
• Engulfment
• Entrapment
• Hazardous Chemical
• Biological Agents
• Noise
• Vibration

Other Possible Hazards in Confined Spaces

• Rodents / Snakes / Spiders
• Poor Lighting
• Wind
• Weather

Controlling Hazards of Confined Spaces

• Lockout – Tagout
• Disconnecting Pipes
• Ventilation
• Cooling
• Dumping
• Rinsing - Flushing
• Fall Arrest Gear
• Air Sampling

Confined Space Permit Program - review form procedure

Ventilation Requirements

• Purge if necessary
• 20 air changes per hour
• Atmospheric Monitoring
• Acceptable Entry Conditions
• Company Confined Space Entry permit posted
• Oxygen 19.5 – 23.5%
• Lower Explosive Level0%
• Toxic fumes/vapors less than PEL
• No engulfing material in space
• No hazardous chemicals or material
• Drained - Flushed
• Rescue Team Available on Site
• Attendant is present and equipment in place
• Space Temperature <100 degrees F.
• LOTO Electrical components in space
• LOTO Mechanical Components in space
• LOTO All pipes to and from space
• Ventilation Established & Maintained
• Additional conditions required on permit
• Additional conditions required by Entry Supervisor
• Duties
• Entry Supervisor
• Attendant
• Entrant
• Rescue Team
• Entry & Rescue Equipment
• Air Monitor
• Fall Arrest System
• Ventilation Equipment
• Lighting Systems
• Communication Equipment
• Body Harnesses & Life Lines
• Working (man) Winch

• Entry Procedures
• Conduct Pre-Entry Briefing
• Assemble and check equipment
• Establish Acceptable Entry Conditions
• Conduct initial air
• Execute & Complete Entry Permit
• Station Entry Attendant
• Establish Monitoring of Atmosphere
• Establish Communication
• Execute Hot Work Permit if applicable
• Post Confined Space Entry Permit
• Enter Space
• Post–entry debrief if problems were encountered

Rescue Procedures

• Rescue team required at access during entry to IDLH environments
• Rescue Team must be trained on specific type confined spaces
• Self-Rescue
• Non-entry Rescue

BTS attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 75% of the total course duration.