• Designing characteristics of refractories: Thermal, Mechanical, and Chemical
• Methods of testing refractories
• Efficient installation of refractories for various applications
• Root cause analysis of failures encountered in the operation
• Guidelines for inspection, maintenance, and repair of refractories

By the end of this course delegates will be able to:

• Explain the characteristics of different types of industrial refractories
• Understand refractory properties: mechanical, thermal and chemical
• Implement most appropriate installation techniques
• Understand issues related to their quality and reliability
• Analyze results of inspection and testing

• Professionals involved in refractory application
• Professionals involved in refractory production
• Refractory Engineers
• Refractory Supervisors
• Maintenance Engineers

Unit 1: Overview of Refractories:

• Refractories and Their Role in Modern Industry
• Categories of Refractories
• Refractory Standards Developed By ASTM
• Refractories Based on Chemical Composition (Basic, High Alumina, Silica)
• Refractories Based on Physical Form (Bricks and Shapes)
• Refractories Based on Manufacturing Technologies

Unit 2: Manufacturing Technologies:

• Significance of Raw Material Selection
• Manufacturing Process of Pre-Formed Refractories (Bricks and Shapes)
• Manufacturing of Unformed Monolithics (Castables, Mixes, Plastics, Grains)
• Safety Issues during Manufacturing
• Quality Assurance in Manufacturing
• Environmental Considerations

Unit 3: Technical Properties of Refractories:

• Design Properties: Thermal (Refractoriness) Mechanical (Strength, Spalling)
• Characteristics of Working Refractories: (Max. Service Temperature, Temperature Shock)
• Thermal Stability of Refractory Structures (Creep and Thermal Expansion)
• Corrosion Resistance to Hot Liquids, Hot Gases, Melted Metals
• Wear & Attack Mechanisms of Refractory Materials
• Qualifications for Working Refractory Structures

Unit 4: Testing and Installation:

• Testing of Refractories: Physical, Chemical, Thermomechanical
• Guidelines for PCE, RUL and other Tests
• Analysis of Test Results: Crushing Strength and Thermal Stress
• Installation Technique for Preformed Bricks with Mortar
• Installation Techniques for Monolithics: Castables, Gunning, Ramming, Spray Cast)

Unit 5: Inspection, Maintenance, Troubleshooting, Repair:

• Inspection of Refractories During Installation and in Operation
• Preventive Maintenance Checklist
• Problems in Operation: Typical Failures and Root Causes
• Troubleshooting Methods
• Common Repair Techniques
• Safety and Health Hazards

BTS attendance certificate will be issued to all attendees completing minimum of 80% of the total course duration.